The concept of
chakra originates in
Hindu texts, featured in
tantric and
yogic traditions of
Hinduism and
Buddhism. Its name derives from the
Sanskrit word for "
wheel" or "
turning" (
cakraṃ चक्रं
[ˈtʃəkrə̃], pronounced
[ˈtʃəkrə] in Hindi;
Pali:
cakka चक्क,
Thai: จักระ, Telugu: చక్ర,
Tamil: சக்கரம்,
Kannada: ಚಕ್ರ,
Chinese: 轮,
Tibetan:
འཁོར་ལོ་;
khorlo).
[1]
Chakra is a concept referring to wheel-like
vortices which, according to traditional Indian medicine, are believed to exist in the surface of the
subtle body of living beings.
[2] The chakras are said to be "force centers" or whorls of
energy permeating, from a point on the physical body, the layers of the
subtle bodies in an ever-increasing fan-shaped formation. Rotating vortices of subtle
matter, they are considered the focal points for the reception and transmission of energies.
[3] Different systems posit a varying number of chakras; the most well-known system in the West is that of seven chakras.
The Skeptic Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience points out that there is no agreement amongst practitioners as to the number of chakras. Also, "The chakra system... has no proven relationship with the anatomy or physiology of the human body. Nothing resembling the energy of the chakras has ever been detected, despite the exquisite sensitivity of modern instruments."
[4]
It is typical for chakras to be depicted as either flower-like or wheel-like. In the former, "petals" are shown around the perimeter of a circle. In the latter, spokes divide the circle into segments that make the chakra resemble a wheel (or "chakra"). Each chakra possesses a specific number of segments or petals.
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